Algorismus

Haec pagina agit de viro mathematico; de methodo mathematica vide Algorithmus

Algorismus vel Algoritmus vel Algorizmi (indecl.; vide imaginem)^[1] (Arabice:محمد بن موسى ابو جعفر الخوارزمي Muḥammad bin Mūsā Abū Ǧaʿfar al-Ḫwārizmi, natus in Chorasmia circa 780; mortuus Bagdati inter annos 835 et 850) fuit mathematicus, astronomus, geographus Persicus. Verba algorismi et algorithmi de eius nomine deducuntur^[2]. Nomen eius etiam est origo verborum Hispanici guarismo^[3] et Lusitanici algarismo, ambobus 'digitus' significantibus.

Propter opera sua, systema numericum decimale numerorum Arabicorum in Europa notum est.

Secundum Jens Hoyrup magister (Haffven Roskildensis University), et Rosen interpres "al-Gabr w'al muqabala" Al-Khwarizmi Graece et Hindu libros tantum erat interpres .Jens Hoyrup dixit quod "Algorismus arca non fingere"^[4]. Secundum Rosen, "ut constare non finxisse nunc artes"^[5] ^[6] ^[7].

Opera praecipua

كتاب الجامع و التفريق بحساب الهند (Kitāb al-ǧāmiʿ wa-l-tafrīq bi ḥisāb al-Hind - "Liber de additione et subtractione cum calculo Indico") ca. 825 (nunc deperditum), quem anno 1143 Adelardus Bathensis aut Robertus Castrensis vertit Latine (quam versionem Balthasar Boncompagni anno 1857 titulo Algoritmi de numero Indorum edidit).
كتاب المختصر في حساب الجبر والمقابلة (Kitab al-muḫtaṣar ḥisāb al-ǧabr wa-l-muqābala - "Liber compendiosus de computando per perfectionem compensationemque") 830, quem anno circiter 1145 Robertus Castrensis titulo Liber algebrae et almucabala vertit Latine.

Notae

↑ Legitur etiam Algoritmus, Alchorismus, et multa cetera.
↑ Daffa, 1977
↑ Donald Knuth, Algorithms in Modern Mathematics and Computer Science (Springer-Verlag, 1979, ISBN 0-387-11157-3), versio interretialis (pdf)
↑ Jens Hoyrup, <<Algèbre d'Al-gabr>> et <<algebra d'arpentage>> au neuvième siècle islamique et la question de l'influence babylonienne, pagina 88, Cahiers d'Altaïr, Peeters-Leuven, 1992
↑ en : That he was not the inventor of the Art is now well established
↑ (Rosen)
↑ Le mythe de l'invention de l'algèbre par les Arabes, Thierry Veyt in paginam Scepticisme scientifique

Bibliographia

Berggren, J. Lennart. 1986. Episodes in the Mathematics of Medieval Islam. Novi Eboraci: Springer Science+Business Media. ISBN 0-387-96318-9.
Boyer, Carl B. 1991. "The Arabic Hegemony": A History of Mathematics. Ed 2a. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. ISBN 0-471-54397-7.
Daffa, Ali Abdullah al-. 1977. The Muslim contribution to mathematics. Londinii: Croom Helm. ISBN 0-85664-464-1.
Dallal, Ahmad. 1999. "Science, Medicine and Technology." In The Oxford History of Islam, ed. John Esposito. Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press.
Folkerts, Menso. 1997. Die älteste lateinische Schrift über das indische Rechnen nach al-Ḫwārizmī. Monaci: Verl. der Bayer. Akad. der Wiss. ISBN 3-7696-0108-4. Textum et versio „Dixit Algorismi“-Handschriften Novi Eboraci.
Kennedy, E. S. 1956. A Survey of Islamic Astronomical Tables. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 46. Philadelphiae: American Philosophical Society.
King, David A. 1999. "Islamic Astronomy." In Astronomy before the telescope, ed. Christopher Walker, 143–174. British Museum Press. ISBN 0-7141-2733-7.
King, David A. 2002. "A Vetustissimus Arabic Text on the Quadrans Vetus.". Journal for the History of Astronomy 33:237–255.
O'Connor, John J., et Edmund F. Robertson. "Abraham bar Hiyya Ha-Nasi." MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews.
O'Connor, John J., et Edmund F. Robertson. "Arabic mathematics: forgotten brilliance?" MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews.
Rashed, Roshdi. 1994. The development of Arabic mathematics: between arithmetic and algebra. Londinii.
Struik, Dirk Jan. 1987. A Concise History of Mathematics. Ed. 4a. Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-60255-9.
Vogel, Kurt. 1963. Mohammed ibn Musa Alchwarizmi's Algorismus: Das früheste Lehrbuch zum Rechnen mit ind. Ziffern. Zeller, Aalen.

Nexus externi

Lexica biographica: Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana • Deutsche Biographie • Treccani • Store norske leksikon • Большая российская энциклопедия •

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Algorismum spectant.

Overbay, Schorer, et Conger: Al-Khwarizmi (Anglice)

[1] Legitur etiam Algoritmus, Alchorismus, et multa cetera.

[2] Daffa, 1977

[3] Donald Knuth, Algorithms in Modern Mathematics and Computer Science (Springer-Verlag, 1979, ISBN 0-387-11157-3), versio interretialis (pdf)

[4] Jens Hoyrup, <<Algèbre d'Al-gabr>> et <<algebra d'arpentage>> au neuvième siècle islamique et la question de l'influence babylonienne, pagina 88, Cahiers d'Altaïr, Peeters-Leuven, 1992

[5] : That he was not the inventor of the Art is now well established

[6] (Rosen)

[7] Le mythe de l'invention de l'algèbre par les Arabes, Thierry Veyt in paginam Scepticisme scientifique

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