Carolus Linnaeus

Carolus Linnaeus (natus Råshult in vico Smolandiae die 23 Maii 1707; mortuus Upsaliae die 10 Ianuarii 1778), fuit herbarius, zoologicus, et medicus Suecius, qui nomenclaturam binominalem, hodiernum organismorum appellandorum systema, rite ordinavit. Unde appellatur ipse pater taxinomiae hodiernae.^[1] Multa ex eius scriptis primum Latine edita sunt.

"Carl v. Linné," subscriptio post nomen nobilitatis acceperat.

Linnaeus ruri in Smalandia in Suecia meridiana natus est. In Universitate Upsaliensi educatus est, ubi acroases botanicas anno 1730 habere coepit. Peregre ab anno 1735 ad annum 1738 commorabatur, ubi studebat et primam editionem eius Systematis Naturae in Nederlandia edidit. Tum Sueciam regressus, professor medicinae botanicesque Upsaliae factus est. Itinera per Sueciam annis 1740 ad plantas et animalia reperienda et classificanda fecit. Annis 1750 et 1760 plantas, animalia, et mineralia colligere et classificare solebat, dum nonnulla volumina publicat. Unus e physicis clarissimis in Europa tempore mortis erat.

Ioannes Iacobus Russavius, philosophus Francicus, nuntium ei misit: "Dic ei neminem in orbe terrarum maiorem novi."^[2] Ioannes Volfgangus Goethius, scriptor politicusque Germanus, arbitratus est: "Praeter Shakesperium et Spinozam, neminem inter mortuos novi qui me vehementius movit."^[2] Augustus Strindberg, auctor Suecicus, scripsit: "Linnaeus re vera erat poeta qui naturalista fortuite factus est."^[3] Linnaeus appellatus est princeps botanicorum ac Plinius Septentrionalium.^[4] Aestimatur etiam unus ex conditoribus oecologiae hodiernae.^[5]

Multarum plantarum multorumque animalium nomina binominalia a Linnaeo descripta sunt. Nominibus botanicis ab eo nobis datis addere licet abbreviationem L.; nominibus zoologicis addere licet Linnaeus cum anno publicationis.

Corpus Linnaei ipsius in taxinomia sua est typus generis Hominis, quamquam eius ossa, numquam ratione investigata, in Ecclesia Cathedrali Upsaliensi iam imperturbata requiescunt.^[6]

Praeclarus est quod, permulta milia specierum describens, systema naturae finxit (1738–1766). Elementa taxinomiae biologicae nobis excogitavit, inter quae classis, ordo, genus, species. Hortus Linnaei hodie ad universitatem Upsaliensem videri potest.

Anno 1755, rite factus est eques, et nomen (ut nobilius esset) in Carolum a Linné (Suecice Carl von Linné) mutavit.

In eius honorem multa animalia plantaeque nominatae sunt, exempli gratia Linnaea borealis.

Opera

Notae

↑ Calisher, CH (2007). "Taxonomy: what's in a name? Doesn't a rose by any other name smell as sweet?". Croatian Medical Journal 48 (2): 268–270 .
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 "What people have said about Linnaeus". Linné on line. Uppsala University .
↑ "Linnaeus deceased". Linné on line. Uppsala University .
↑ Broberg (2006), p. 7.
↑ Egerton, Frank N. (2007). "A History of the Ecological Sciences, Part 23: Linnaeus and the Economy of Nature". Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 88 (1): 72–88 .
↑ "There was, however, no single person recognised as the type until 1959, when Professor William Stearn, in a passing remark in a paper on Linnaeus' contributions to nomenclature and systematics wrote that 'Linnaeus himself, must stand as the type of his Homo sapiens.' This was enough to designate Linnaeus as a lectotype (Article 74.5), the single name[-]bearing type specimen for the species Homo sapiens and its subspecies Homo sapiens sapiens" (Notton et Stringer).

Bibliographia

Anderson, Margaret J. 1997. Carl Linnaeus: father of classification. Enslow Publishers. ISBN 0894907867.
Blunt, Wilfrid. 2001. Linnaeus: the compleat naturalist. Londini: Frances Lincoln. ISBN 0711218412. http://books.google.com/?id=N54GuRxlgrMC^{[nexus deficit]}.
Blunt, Wilfrid. 2004. Linnaeus: the compleat naturalist. Londini: Frances Lincoln. ISBN 0711223629. http://books.google.com/?id=FRH_EMhQYhYC.
Brightwell, C. L. 1858. A Life of Linnaeus. Londini: J. Van Voorst.
Broberg, Gunnar. 2006. Carl Linnaeus. Stockholm: Swedish Institute. ISBN 9152009122.
Frängsmyr, Tore, Sten Lindroth, Gunnar Eriksson, et Gunnar Broberg. 1983. Linnaeus, the man and his work. Berkeleiae et Los Angeles: University of California Press. ISBN 0-7112-1841-2. http://books.google.com/?id=RrKiQgAACAAJ&dq=Linnaeus+the+man+and+his+works.
Gribbin, Mary, John Gribbin, et John R. Gribbin. 2008. Flower hunters. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199561827.
Hovey, Edmund Otis. 1908. The Bicentenary of the Birth of Carolus Linnaeus. Novi Eboraci: New York Academy of Sciences.
Koerner, Lisbet. 1999. Linnaeus: Nature and Nation. Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0674097459.
Krol, J. L. P. M. 1982. "Linneaus' verblijf op de Hartekamp." In Het landgoed de Hartekamp in Heemstede. Heemstede. ISBN 9070712016.
Loring Brace, C. 2005. "Race" Is a Four Letter Word: The Genesis of the Concept. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-517351-2.
Marks, Jonathan. 2010. Ten facts about human variation. In Human Evolutionary Biology, ed. Michael Muehlenbein, 265–276. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-87948-4.
Östholm, Hanna. 2007. The Linnaean Legacy: Three Centuries after his Birth. The Linnean. Special Issue No. 8: 35–44, ed. Mary J. Morris et Leonie Berwick.
Quammen, David. 2007. The Name Giver. National Geographic, Iunius.
Reveal, James L., et James S. Pringle. 1993. 7. Taxonomic Botany and Floristics. Flora of North America, 1. Novi Eboraci et Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-505713-3.
Simpson, George Gaylord. 1961. Principles of Animal Taxonomy. Novi Eboraci et Londinii: Columbia University Press.
Slotkin, J. S. 1965. The Eighteenth Century. In Readings in early Anthropology, 175–243. Methuen Publishing.
Sörlin, et Fagerstedt. 2004. Linné och hans lärjungar. ISBN 912735590X.
Sprague, T. A. 1953. Linnaeus as a nomenclaturist. Taxon 2 (3): 40–46. doi:10.2307/1217339. JSTOR 1217339.
Stace, Clive A. 1991. Plant Taxonomy and Biosystematics. Ed. 2a. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-42785-2.
Stafleu, Frans A. 1971. Linnaeus and the Linnaeans: the Spreading of their Ideas in Systematic Botany, 1735–1789. Utrecht: International Association for Plant Taxonomy. ISBN 978-90-6046-064-1.
Stöver, Dietrich Johann Heinrich. 1794. The life of Sir Charles Linnæus. Ed. Joseph Trapp. Londini: Library of Congress. ISBN 0198501226. OCLC 5660395.
Thornton, Robert John New Illustration of the Sexual System of Carolus von Linnaeus. 1798-1807 Textus
Van den Hoek, C., D. G. Mann, et H. M. Jahns. 2005. Algae: An Introduction to Phycology. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-30419-1.
Veitch, H. J. 1897. Nepenthes. Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society 21 (2): 226–262.
Willoughby, Pamela. 2007. The Evolution of Modern Humans in Africa: A Comprehensive Guide. AltaMira Press. ISBN 978-0-7591-0119-7.
Wilson, Don E., et DeeAnn M. Reeder. 2005. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Ed. 3a. JHU Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.
Windelspecht, Michael. 2002. Groundbreaking Scientific Experiments, Inventions, and Discoveries of the 17th century. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-31501-5.

Nexus interni

Nexus externi

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Carolum Linnaeum spectant.

[calisher-1] Calisher, CH (2007). "Taxonomy: what's in a name? Doesn't a rose by any other name smell as sweet?". Croatian Medical Journal 48 (2): 268–270 .

[autogenerated3-2] 2.0 ^2.1 "What people have said about Linnaeus". Linné on line. Uppsala University .

[deceased-3] "Linnaeus deceased". Linné on line. Uppsala University .

[Broberg7-4] Broberg (2006), p. 7.

[5] Egerton, Frank N. (2007). "A History of the Ecological Sciences, Part 23: Linnaeus and the Economy of Nature". Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 88 (1): 72–88 .

[6] "There was, however, no single person recognised as the type until 1959, when Professor William Stearn, in a passing remark in a paper on Linnaeus' contributions to nomenclature and systematics wrote that 'Linnaeus himself, must stand as the type of his Homo sapiens.' This was enough to designate Linnaeus as a lectotype (Article 74.5), the single name[-]bearing type specimen for the species Homo sapiens and its subspecies Homo sapiens sapiens" (Notton et Stringer).

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