Hollandicus ulmorum morbus
Classis : Sordariomycetes
Ordo : Ophiostomatales
Familia : Ophiostomataceae
Genus : Ophiostoma
Hollandicus ulmorum morbus est fungalis ulmorum morbus, qui inter plantas extenditur a coleopteris subfamiliae Scolytinarum. Morbus, olim endemica solum in Asia habitus, fortuito in Americam Europamque introductus est, ubi indigenas devastavit ulmos quae eum resistere non poterant. Nomen spectat ad morbi inventionem in Nederlandia, anno 1921; morbus non est ad hybridam Ulmus × hollandica 'Major' (Anglice: Dutch elm) specificus.[1][2]
Summa
[recensere | fontem recensere]Causae Hollandici ulmorum morbi sunt microfungi phyli Ascomycotorum, quorum tres species agnoscuntur: Ophiostoma ulmi, quod Europam anno 1910 adfligere coepit et Americam Septentrionalem in ligno importato anno 1928 attigit; Ophiostoma himal-ulmi,[3] species in Himalaya occidentali endemica; et Ophiostoma novo-ulmi, species acerbissima, primo in Europa Americaque Septentrionali decennio 195 descripta, quae innumerabiles ulmos in ambabus regionibus ex decennio 197 exeunte interfecit.[4] Origo Ophiostomatis novo-ulmi manet ignota, sed species fortasse est ut hybrida O. ulmi et O. himal-ulmi genita.[5]
Extenditur morbus in America Septentrionali ab Hylurgopino rufipede et Scotylo multistriato, speciebus Curculionidarum subfamiliae Scolytinarum. In Europa, dum Scolytus multistriatus iterum partes vectoris inflammationis agit, minus mortiferus est quam Scolytus scolytus.
Morbo proficiente, arboris moriuntur radices, nutrimenta ex foliis fame perientes. Saepe non omnes radices celeriter moriuntur: radices nonnullarum specierum, insigniter Ulmi procerae, surculos iam gignunt, qui circa quindecim annos vigant, antequam ei quoque succumbunt.[4]
Notae
[recensere | fontem recensere]- ↑ Forestry Commission. Dutch elm disease in Britain [1], UK.
- ↑ Macmillan Science Library: Plant Sciences: Dutch Elm Disease.
- ↑ C. M. Brasier et M. D. Mehotra (1995), "Ophiostoma himal-ulmi sp. nov., a new species of Dutch elm disease fungus endemic to the Himalayas," Mycological Research 99(2):205-215 (44 ref.)
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 B. Spooner et P. Roberts, Fungi, Collins New Naturalist series No. 96 (Londinii: HarperCollins Publishers, 2005).
- ↑ C. M. Brasier, "New horizons in Dutch elm disease control," in Report on Forest Research (Londinii: Forestry Commission, HMSO, 1996), pp. 20–28.
Nexus externi
[recensere | fontem recensere]- Walter E. Burton "Army of Experts Wage War on Dutch Elm Disease" Popular Science Monthly, May 1937
- Elm Recovery Project - Guelph University (Canada)
- Dutch elm disease - info from the Government of Alberta
- Dutch elm disease - info from the Government of British Columbia
- DED info from Rainbow Treecare Scientific Advancements
- The Mid-Holocene Ulmus decline: a new way to evaluate the pathogen hypothesis
- KIM PALMER, Minneapolis, Minnesota USA Star Tribune
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