Ilithyia

Ilithyia (Graece Εἰλείθυια^[1]) fuit dea Graeca partús.^[2]

Etymologia et fontes primarii

Secundum nonnullos auctores, nomini non est etymologia Indoeuropaea—quod, secundum R. F. Willets,^[3] deam artius ad culturam Minoam pertinere confirmat. Scripsit: "Nexús inter Ilithyiam, priorem deam Minoam, et iam priorem prototypum Neolithicum esse per comparationem firmos."^[4] Praeterea, secundum Willetts, nomen Eleuthia in dialecto Cretica Ilithyiam ad Mysteria Eleusina conecterint.^[5] Alii autem subiciunt nomen esse Graecum, a verbo ελεύθω 'ferre', dea ergo 'Qui fert'.^[6] Sed variationes Eleuthia (Cretica) et Eleuthō (a Pindaro adhibita) subiciunt coniunctionem cum eleutheria 'libertas' fortasse fuisse, cum vocabulum tantum 'liberator' significare posset, manifeste cum partu consociatum. Primae nominis litterae notae sunt e-re-u-ti-ja, in lingua Graeca Mycenaea, in Lineare B scripta.^[7]

Ilithyia Homeri est "dea dolorum partus."^[8] Ilias Ilithyiam solam exhibet, vel aliquando multiplicem, Ilithyias (Eileithyiai) appellatam.

Acris doloris maestitia in mulierem laborantem descendit, acerbitas quam Ilithyiae durae efficiunt, filiae Herae, quae viribus acerborum parturitionis dolorum dominantur.—Ilias XI.270.^[9]^[10]

Hesiodus (c. 700 a.C.n.) Iilithyiam filiam Herae Iovi partam facit ^[11]; atque Bibliotheca (aetate Romana) et Diodorus Siculus (c. 90–27 BC) ^[12] idem censuerunt. Sed Pausanias, saeculo secundo scribens, alium fontem primum commemorat, nunc amissum: "Olen, prior poeta Lycius, qui populo Deli hymnos composuit, inter quos unus Ilithyiae dicatus est, eam 'textricem sollertem' appellat, Moirae (Fati) eandem esse manifeste dicens, Cronoque vetustiorem."^[13] Similiter, Pindarus (522–443 a.C.n.), mythographus diligenter accuratus, ne Iovem quidem commemorat:

Ilithyia, dea partús, serva throni Moirae penitus cogitantis, filia Herae omnipotentis, carmen meum audi!^[14]^[15]

Deinde, tempore Graecorum Classicorum, "Ea cum Artemide Heraque arte conectitur," arguit Burkert, "sed nullam personalitatem sui evolvit" (1985:1761). In Hymno Orphico Prothyraeiae dicato, coniunctio deae partús et epithetone Artemidis, venatricem mortiferam etiam "quam mulieres in partu adiuvat" faciens (Graves 1955:15.a.1), in mundo integre Olympico inexplicabilis fuerit. Unde Aelianus saeculo tertio Ilithyiam Artemidem lecti parturitionis appellavit.

Nexus interni

Notae

↑ Joseph Emerson Worcester, A comprehensive dictionary of the English language, Boston, 1871, p. 480, rule 3, where he notes the word has four syllables as in Greek and Latin, "not I-lith-y-i'-a as in Walker" (e.g. Walker and Trollope, A key to the classical pronunciation etc., Londinii, 1830, p. 123).
↑ "Plato (1999). The Symposium. Penguin Classics. Penguin Books. p. 43. ISBN 978-0-14-044927-3 .
↑ Willetts, R. F. (November 1958). "Cretan Eileithyia". The Classical Quarterly: 221 .
↑ Anglice: "The links between Eileithyia, an earlier Minoan goddess, and a still earlier Neolithic prototype are, relatively, firm."
↑ Willetts, R. F. (November 1958). "Cretan Eileithyia". The Classical Quarterly: 222 .
↑ Max Muller F. Contributions to the Science of Mythology, vol. 2 (Kessinger Publishing, 2003), p. 697.
↑ Palaeolexicon, Word study tool of ancient languages
↑ Ilias xi.270; xvi.187; xix.103.
↑ Pluralis etiam in XIX.03 datur.
↑ Anglice: "The sharp sorrow of pain descends on a woman in labour, the bitterness that the hard Eileithyiai bring on, Hera’s daughters, who hold the power of the bitter birth pangs."
↑ Theogonia 921
↑ Bibliotheca Historica V.72.5
↑ Pausanias, 8.21.3.
↑ Anglice: Goddess of childbirth, Eileithyia, maid to the throne of the deep-thinking Moirai, child of all-powerful Hera, hear my song.
↑ Carmen Nemeaeum nonum.

Fontes

Burkert, Walter. 1985. Greek Religion. Liber ex Teodisca a John Raffan conversus. Cantabrigiae: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0674362802.
Graves, Robert. [1960] 1988. The Greek Myths. Mt. Kisco Novi Eboraci: Moyer Bell. ISBN 0918825806.
Kerenyi, Karl. 1976. Dionysus: Archetypal Image of Indestructible Life. Liber Anglice conversus.
Nilsson, Martin P. [1927] 1950. The Minoan-Mycenaean Religion and Its Survival in Greek Religion. Ed. 2a. Lundae: C. W. K. Gleerup.
Pausanias. 1918. Description of Greece with an English Translation. Liber a W. H. S. Jones, conversus et H. A. Ormerod. 4 vol. Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press.Londinii: William Heinemann Ltd.
Willetts, R. F. 1958 Cretan Eileithyia. The Classical Quarterly, Series Nova 8(3/4):221–223.

Nexus externi

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Ilithyiam spectant.

Propositum Theoi: Eileithyia, www.theoi.com (Theoi Project)

Stipula

Haec stipula ad litteras spectat. Amplifica, si potes!

stipula

Haec stipula ad mythologiam spectat. Amplifica, si potes!

Sancti

Haec stipula ad religionem spectat. Amplifica, si potes!

[1] Joseph Emerson Worcester, A comprehensive dictionary of the English language, Boston, 1871, p. 480, rule 3, where he notes the word has four syllables as in Greek and Latin, "not I-lith-y-i'-a as in Walker" (e.g. Walker and Trollope, A key to the classical pronunciation etc., Londinii, 1830, p. 123).

[Symposium-2] "Plato (1999). The Symposium. Penguin Classics. Penguin Books. p. 43. ISBN 978-0-14-044927-3 .

[Willetts_1-3] Willetts, R. F. (November 1958). "Cretan Eileithyia". The Classical Quarterly: 221 .

[4] Anglice: "The links between Eileithyia, an earlier Minoan goddess, and a still earlier Neolithic prototype are, relatively, firm."

[Willetts_2-5] Willetts, R. F. (November 1958). "Cretan Eileithyia". The Classical Quarterly: 222 .

[6] Max Muller F. Contributions to the Science of Mythology, vol. 2 (Kessinger Publishing, 2003), p. 697.

[7] Palaeolexicon, Word study tool of ancient languages

[8] Ilias xi.270; xvi.187; xix.103.

[9] Pluralis etiam in XIX.03 datur.

[10] Anglice: "The sharp sorrow of pain descends on a woman in labour, the bitterness that the hard Eileithyiai bring on, Hera’s daughters, who hold the power of the bitter birth pangs."

[11] Theogonia 921

[12] Bibliotheca Historica V.72.5

[13] Pausanias, 8.21.3.

[14] Anglice: Goddess of childbirth, Eileithyia, maid to the throne of the deep-thinking Moirai, child of all-powerful Hera, hear my song.

[15] Carmen Nemeaeum nonum.

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