Palynologia

Palynologia^[1] est subdivisio botanices quae studium praesertim sporarum et pollinis granorum comprehendit.

Nomen palynologiae

Pollen sub microscopio iam saeculo septimo decimo investigabatur, sed tamquam pater palaeopalynologiae Lennart von Post, botanista Finnicus, habetur, qui anno 1916 analysin pollinicam^[2] turfarum quaternariarum publici iuris fecit. Nomen autem palynologiae (Anglice), a Graeco παλύνω (farina conspergo), H. A. Hyde et D. A. Williams anno 1944 proposuerunt.^[3]

Res investigatae

Tegumentum externum (exinium^[4]) sporarum et pollinis granorum, quibus plantae ad generandam prolem utuntur, e sporopollenino, substantia firmissima duraturaque, constituitur. Unde frequenter accidit ut, destructis omnibus aliis reliquiis, sporae pollenque testimonium presentiae plantarum solum remanent. Magna ergo palynologiae pars de sporis pollineque fossili tractat. Inter res quae a palynologis investigantur enumerari possunt chitinozoa, acritarcha, et dinoflagellatorum cystae; quae omnia (una scilicet cum polline et sporis) palynomorphae^[5] appellantur.

In archaeologia, analysis pollinica ad determinandum influxum hominum in naturam servire potest, exempli gratia cum quaeratur utrum temporibus antiquis plus silvarum vel agrorum in aliqua regione fuerit^[6]

Reperta a palynologis

Inter maximi momenti a palynologis reperta notanda est origo plantarum terrestrium. Cooksoniae, antiquissimae plantae terrestres cuius corpora (macrofossilia) bene conservatum usque ad nos pervenit, periodo Silurica vixerunt^[7]; antiquiores autem, Ordovicio viventes, nonnisi per sporas earum (microfossilia ergo) nobis notae sunt.^[8]. Item plantae angiospermae antiquissimae (Hauterivio viventes, scilicet ante plus quam 130 000 000 annos) nonnisi per pollen earum notae sunt, corpora plantarum angiospermarum veterrima nota e stratis circa limitem Barremii et Aptii (seu ca. 125 000 000 annos habentes) extracta sunt.^[9] Palynologia etiam ad aetatem stratorum geologicorum determinandam multum confert; quae pars stratigraphiae palynostratigraphia nuncupatur.

Bibliographia

Moore, P. D., . 1991. Pollen Analysis. Ed. secunda. Blackwell Scientific Publications. ISBN 0-632-02176-4.
Traverse, A. 1988. Paleopalynology. Unwin Hyman. ISBN 0-04-561001-0.
Roberts, N. 1998, The Holocene an environmental history. Oxoniae: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 0-631-18638-7.

Nexus externi

Palynomorphae (Situs interretialis Societatis Palynologicae. Anglice.)

Notae

↑ Hanc speciem in honorem cli. D-ris Bálint Zólyomi . . . in scientiis palynologiae et historiae vegetatonis excellentissimi . . . dedicavi." A. Borhidi (1980), "Notas sobre Bignoniáceas cubanas. I. Espécies nuevas de género Tabebuia en Cuba." Acta Botanica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 26 (1–2): 15–24. PDF.
↑ C. Váczy, "Pollinicus," Lexicon botanicum polyglottum (Bucarestae 1980), 393. Textus interretialis.
↑ Kevin J. Edwards et Heather S. Pardoe (2018), "How palynology could have been paepalology: the naming of a discipline," Palynology 42 (1): 4–19.
↑ W. T. Stearn (1992) Botanical Latin, ed. quarta, ISBN 0-7153-0052-2, p. 470.
↑ D. Habib (1970), "Palynomorphae incertae sedis" in "Middle Cretaceous Palynomorph Assemblages from Clays near the Horizon Beta Deep-Sea Outcrop," Micropaleontology 16 (3): 345-379. Textus interretialis.
↑ Mara Deza-Araujo et alii (2021), "A critical assessment of human-impact indices based on anthropogenic pollen indicators," Quaternary Science Reviews 236: 106291. PDF.
↑ Josef Pšenička et alii (2021), "Dynamics of Silurian plants as response to climate changes," Life 11 (9): 906. Textus interretialis.
↑ Charles H. Wellman et Jane Gray (2000), "The Microfossil Record of Early Land Plants," Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences 355 (1398). Textus apud JSTOR.
↑ Patrick S. Herendeen et alii (2017), "Palaeobotanical redux: revisiting the age of the angiosperms," Nature Plants 3: 17015. PDF.

[1] Hanc speciem in honorem cli. D-ris Bálint Zólyomi . . . in scientiis palynologiae et historiae vegetatonis excellentissimi . . . dedicavi." A. Borhidi (1980), "Notas sobre Bignoniáceas cubanas. I. Espécies nuevas de género Tabebuia en Cuba." Acta Botanica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 26 (1–2): 15–24. PDF.

[2] C. Váczy, "Pollinicus," Lexicon botanicum polyglottum (Bucarestae 1980), 393. Textus interretialis.

[3] Kevin J. Edwards et Heather S. Pardoe (2018), "How palynology could have been paepalology: the naming of a discipline," Palynology 42 (1): 4–19.

[4] W. T. Stearn (1992) Botanical Latin, ed. quarta, ISBN 0-7153-0052-2, p. 470.

[5] D. Habib (1970), "Palynomorphae incertae sedis" in "Middle Cretaceous Palynomorph Assemblages from Clays near the Horizon Beta Deep-Sea Outcrop," Micropaleontology 16 (3): 345-379. Textus interretialis.

[6] Mara Deza-Araujo et alii (2021), "A critical assessment of human-impact indices based on anthropogenic pollen indicators," Quaternary Science Reviews 236: 106291. PDF.

[7] Josef Pšenička et alii (2021), "Dynamics of Silurian plants as response to climate changes," Life 11 (9): 906. Textus interretialis.

[8] Charles H. Wellman et Jane Gray (2000), "The Microfossil Record of Early Land Plants," Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences 355 (1398). Textus apud JSTOR.

[9] Patrick S. Herendeen et alii (2017), "Palaeobotanical redux: revisiting the age of the angiosperms," Nature Plants 3: 17015. PDF.

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