Thomas Hooker

Thomas Hooker (5 Iulii 1586—7 Iulii 1647) fuit praestans dux colonicus Puritanus, qui a princibus Puritanis in Massachusetta dissentiens Coloniam Connecticutam condidit. Vivus aestimabatur orator egregius et universalis suffragii Christiani suasor.

Thomas Hooker, hodie pater Connecticutae appellatus, personam maximi momenti in prima Novae Angliae colonicae evolutione egit, unus ex notissimorum suae aetatis praedicatorum, scriptor eruditus de rebus Christianis, primus minister Cantabrigiae Massachusettae, unus ex primis colonis et conditoribus urbis Hartfordiae civitatisque Connecticutae, atque a multis instigator Ordinum Fundamentalium Connecticutae citatus, primae democratica orbis terrarum constitutionis scriptae, quae administrationem repraesentativam constituit. Post homiliam lectam, in qua Hooker declaravit "Fundamenta auctoritatis in libero hominum consensu iaciuntur,"^[1] Ordines Fundamentales a Colonia Connecticuta die 14 Ianuarii 1639^[2] rite sancti sunt. Cum nonnulli hodierni rerum gestarum scriptores in controversiam adducant adfirmationem hanc esse primam constitutionem in democratica culturae Occidentalis historia, nec Pactio Mayflowerana nec foedera cum communibus Narragansettensibus ullas administrationis formas constituerunt.^[3]

Familia Hookerana, probabiliter ex Comitatu Leicestriensi in regione Mediis Terris Orientalibus orta, saltem usque ad tempus regni Henrici VIII retro praestabat. Scitur fuisse magna familia Hookerana in Devonia (in media paeninsula meridio-occidentali), per Angliam meridianam celebrata. Ramus Devoniensis Reverendum Ricardum Hooker, magnum theologum et clericum Anglicanum, genuit, qui, cum Gualterio Raleigh Equite, fuit unus ex filiis Exoniae maximi momenti, capitis comitatús Devoniae. Eduardus Hooker genealogus Reverendum Thomam cum Reverendo Ricardo ramoque Devoniensi conexit; alii autem genealogi stirpem Reverendi Thomas ad Comitatum Leicestriensem secuti sunt, ubi revera nati fuisse dicitur. Carent indicia certa quae Thomam ad Leicestriam conectere possunt quia documenta paroeciae Marefield ex annis ante 1610 perierunt. Ullus nexus ad Reverendum Ricardum similiter caret quia privata Reverendi Hooker documenta deposita sunt domusque adeo deleta est post mortem. Nulla indicia de regione ex qua Thomas Hooker ortus est supersunt.^[4]

Vita

Domus Thomae Hooker, Hartfordiae Connecticutae sita.

Veri simile est Thomam Hooker natum esse ad Marefield vel Birstall, in Comitatu Leicestriensi.^[5] Scholam ad Market Bosworth frequentavit.^[6] Martio 1604 in Collegio Reginae Cantabrigiae matriculavit discipulus subsidio publico sustentus.^[7] Gradum A.B. in Collegio Emmanuelis Cantabrigiae anno 1608 accepit, ubi gradum Magistri Artium anno 1611 accepit.^[6]^[8]^[9] Socius in Collegio Emmanuelis nonnullos annos commoratus est.^[6] Tum in paroechia Esher praedicabat, ubi celeber fuit contionator praestans.^[6]^[9]

Hooker lector in Cathedrali Chelmsfordiensi circa 1626 factus est.^[6] Anno autem 1629, Archiepiscopus Gulielmus Laud lectores ecclesiastios suppressit, et Hooker ad Little Baddow migravit.^[6] Ipse, nunc dux adiutorum Puritanorum citationem ad Iudicium Commissionis Summae ei tulit. Hooker, vadimonium deserens, Roterodamum Nederlandiae effugit,^[9] et deinde ad Coloniam Sinus Massachuesttensium in navi Griffin navigavit.^[10]^[6]

A Bostonia, Hooker in Newtown (deinde Cantabrigia appellato) consedit, ubi pastor Templi Paroeciae Primae creatus est. Paroecia mox appellabatur "Mr. Hooker's Company" ('Societas Domini Hooker').^[6]

Progenies

Thomas Hooker ad colonias advenit cum Susanna, uxore altera, de qua nihil scitur. Samuel filius, probabiliter Cantabrigiae Massachusettae natus, gradum A.B. in Collegio Harvardiano anno 1653 accepit. Minister Farmingtoniae Connecticutae factus est, ubi suae progenies multis aetatibus habitabant.^[11] De Reverendo Samuele Hooker, Cottonus Matherus in Magnalia Christi Americana scripsit: "Sic usque in diem hodiernum nostrum Hooker mortuum inter nos habemus, in Samuele Hooker iam vivum, in suo filio digno, ministro potente, fidele, utile, Farmingtoniae in Colonia Connecticutensi habitante."^[12]

Ioannes Hooker, filius Reverendi Samuelis neposque Reverendi Thomae, munus rogatoris Conventus Connecticutae sustinuit, et antea iudex iudicii supremi civitatis. Iacobus, Ioannis frater filiusque Reverendi Samuelis, etiam egregius politicus in Connecticuta factus est. In matrimonium duxit filiam Gulielmi Leete Guilfordiensis, et deinde ibi consedit. Iacobus fuit primus iudex iudicii probati et deinde rogator colonialis Conventus Connecticutae. Maria Hooker, filia Reverendi Samuelis neptisque Reverendi Thomae, Reverendo Iacobo Pierpont nupsit; quorum filia Sarah Pierpont Reverendo Ionathanae Edwards nupsit.

Inter Reverendi Thomae Hooker progenies rectas sunt Henricus Hooker, Maria Hooker Pierpont, Gulielmus Howardus Taft, Timothaeus Dwight V, Aaron Burr, Gulielmus Gillette, Gulielmus Huntington Russell, Eduardus H. Gillette, Georgius Catlin, Emma Willard, J. P. Morgan, Reverendus Iosue Leavitt, Rogerius Hooker Leavitt, Hart Leavitt, Thomas Miller, et Adonijah Rockwell.^[10]Die 16 Maii 1890, progenies Thomae Hooker suum conventum primum Hartfordiae Connecticutae habuerunt.^[13]

Opera

1629. The Poor Doubting Christian Drawn to Christ.
1632. The Soul's Preparation for Christ: Or, A Treatise of Contrition, Wherein Is Discovered How God Breaks the Heart, and Wounds the Soul, in the Conversion of a Sinner to Himself: The Soul's Preparation for Christ.
1637. The Soul's Ingrafting into Christ.
1638. The Soul's Exaltation. Londinii: John Haviland.
1645. A Brief Exposition of the Lord's Prayer. Londinii: Moses Bell.
1645. An Expostion of the Principles of Religion.
1648. A Survey Of The Summe Of Church-Discipline: Wherein The Way Of The Churches Of New England Is Warranted Out Of The Word. Londinii: John Bellamy.
1651. The Saint's Dignity and Duty.
1659. The Application of Redemption.
Annus ignotus. The Christian's Two Chief Lessons: Self-Denial and Self-Trial.
Annus ignotus. The Covenant of Grace Opened.
Annus ignotus. The Danger of Desertion Or A Farewell Sermon of Mr. Thomas Hooker.
Annus ignotus. The Soul's Humiliation. International Outreach.

Notae

↑ Anglice: "The foundation of authority is laid in the free consent of the people."
↑ Ratione Modi Novi.
↑ Praeterea, Simeon E. Baldwin, olim Principalis Iudex Connecticutae, hanc postulationem in Norris Osborn History of Connecticut in Monographic Form confirmavit. A Rogerio Ludlow plerumque scriptus, plane fuit primum foedus inter administrationem et cives quod proclamationem confirmavit Hookeranam fundamenta auctoritatis constitutionalis civibus esse. Norris Galpin Osborn, ed., History of Connecticut in Monographic Form (States History Co., 1925); Hooker 1890:27; Walter Seth Logan, Thomas Hooker, the First American Democrat (The Order of the Founders and Patriots of America, 1904), p. 19; Donald S. Lutz, Stephen L. Schechter, et Richard B. Bernstein, Roots of the Republic: American Founding Documents Interpreted, p. 24; The Official State of Connecticut Website, www.ct.gov.; "Connecticut," in History of the USA.
↑ Edward Hooker, "The Origin and Ancestry of Rev. Thomas Hooker, a paper prepared by Commander Edward Hooker, U.S.N., and read before the Hooker gathering, August, 1892," The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, by New England Historic Genealogical Society Staff (Heritage Books, 1997), pp. 189–192; The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Vol. 44, by New England Historic Genealogical Society Staff (N.E. Historic Genealogical Society, 1890), pp. 397–398; Hooker, Margaret Huntington, "Introduction," Edward W. Hooker, The Descendants of Rev. Thomas Hooker: Hartford, Connecticut, 1586–1908, p. ix; Porter, Alice, "Thomas Hooker,"^{[nexus deficit]} Connecticut Magazine, Iulio–Augusto 1906; Underwood, Nancy, Ancestry and Descendants of Rev. Thomas Hooker.^{[nexus deficit]}
↑ "Thomas Hooker," in Puritans and Puritanism in Europe and America: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia (ABC-CLIO, 2006, ISBN 978-1-57607-678-1).
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 ^6.4 ^6.5 ^6.6 ^6.7 "Thomas Hooker (1586–1647)," Encyclopædia Britannica (1911).
↑ Albert Van Dusen, Connecticut (Random House, 1961), 11.
↑ "Hooker, Thomas" (HKR604T). in ACAD: A Cambridge Alumni Database
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 "Hooker, Thomas (1586-1647)," Encyclopedia of World Biography (1998).
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 Edward Hooker et Margaret Huntington Hooker, The Descendants of Rev. Thomas Hooker, Hartford, Connecticut, 1586-1908 (Cantabrigiae: Harvard University, 1909).
↑ Reverendus Samuel Hooker, qui filiam duxit primigenitam Capitanei Thomae Willett habitatori Coloniae Plimmutensis, mercatoris Plimmutensis et deinde primi praefecti Urbis Novi Eboraci, fuit progenitor omnium hominum Hooker qui se progenies Reverendi Thomae Hooker Connecticutensis esse dicunt. [1].
↑ Anglice: "Thus we have to this day among us our dead Hooker, yet living in his worthy son Samuel Hooker, an able, faithful, useful minister at Farmington, in the Colony of Connecticut."
↑ "In Honor of Thomas Hooker, His Descendants to Hold a Reunion in Hartford, Conn.," The New York Times, 1 Maii 1890.

Bibliographia

Hooker, John. 1890. An Account of the Reunion of the Descendants of Rev. Thomas Hooker. The Salem Press.
Murray, Iain. Thomas Hooker and the Doctrine of Conversion.

Nexus externi

Quis fuit Thomas Hooker? bridgeport.co.schoolwebpages.com (Historia Scholae Thomae Hooker)

[1] Anglice: "The foundation of authority is laid in the free consent of the people."

[2] Ratione Modi Novi.

[3] Praeterea, Simeon E. Baldwin, olim Principalis Iudex Connecticutae, hanc postulationem in Norris Osborn History of Connecticut in Monographic Form confirmavit. A Rogerio Ludlow plerumque scriptus, plane fuit primum foedus inter administrationem et cives quod proclamationem confirmavit Hookeranam fundamenta auctoritatis constitutionalis civibus esse. Norris Galpin Osborn, ed., History of Connecticut in Monographic Form (States History Co., 1925); Hooker 1890:27; Walter Seth Logan, Thomas Hooker, the First American Democrat (The Order of the Founders and Patriots of America, 1904), p. 19; Donald S. Lutz, Stephen L. Schechter, et Richard B. Bernstein, Roots of the Republic: American Founding Documents Interpreted, p. 24; The Official State of Connecticut Website, www.ct.gov.; "Connecticut," in History of the USA.

[4] Edward Hooker, "The Origin and Ancestry of Rev. Thomas Hooker, a paper prepared by Commander Edward Hooker, U.S.N., and read before the Hooker gathering, August, 1892," The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, by New England Historic Genealogical Society Staff (Heritage Books, 1997), pp. 189–192; The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Vol. 44, by New England Historic Genealogical Society Staff (N.E. Historic Genealogical Society, 1890), pp. 397–398; Hooker, Margaret Huntington, "Introduction," Edward W. Hooker, The Descendants of Rev. Thomas Hooker: Hartford, Connecticut, 1586–1908, p. ix; Porter, Alice, "Thomas Hooker,"^{[nexus deficit]} Connecticut Magazine, Iulio–Augusto 1906; Underwood, Nancy, Ancestry and Descendants of Rev. Thomas Hooker.^{[nexus deficit]}

[5] "Thomas Hooker," in Puritans and Puritanism in Europe and America: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia (ABC-CLIO, 2006, ISBN 978-1-57607-678-1).

[brit-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 ^6.4 ^6.5 ^6.6 ^6.7 "Thomas Hooker (1586–1647)," Encyclopædia Britannica (1911).

[7] Albert Van Dusen, Connecticut (Random House, 1961), 11.

[8] "Hooker, Thomas" (HKR604T). in ACAD: A Cambridge Alumni Database

[bio-9] 9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 "Hooker, Thomas (1586-1647)," Encyclopedia of World Biography (1998).

[descendants-10] 10.0 ^10.1 Edward Hooker et Margaret Huntington Hooker, The Descendants of Rev. Thomas Hooker, Hartford, Connecticut, 1586-1908 (Cantabrigiae: Harvard University, 1909).

[11] Reverendus Samuel Hooker, qui filiam duxit primigenitam Capitanei Thomae Willett habitatori Coloniae Plimmutensis, mercatoris Plimmutensis et deinde primi praefecti Urbis Novi Eboraci, fuit progenitor omnium hominum Hooker qui se progenies Reverendi Thomae Hooker Connecticutensis esse dicunt. [1].

[12] Anglice: "Thus we have to this day among us our dead Hooker, yet living in his worthy son Samuel Hooker, an able, faithful, useful minister at Farmington, in the Colony of Connecticut."

[13] "In Honor of Thomas Hooker, His Descendants to Hold a Reunion in Hartford, Conn.," The New York Times, 1 Maii 1890.

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